Yintoni i-Polypropylene Fabric: Iipropati, Yenziwe njani kwaye phi

Yintoni i-Polypropylene Fabric: Iipropati, Yenziwe njani kwaye phi

liQela leNkxaso leSewport • Ngomhla wama-25 kuMeyi, 2022

Yintoni ilaphu lePolypropylene?

Ilaphu lePolypropylene ligama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza nayiphi na imveliso yelaphu evela kwi-thermoplastic polymer polypropylene. Olu hlobo lweplastiki yinxalenye yeqela le-polyolefin, kwaye ayikho i-polar kunye ne-crystalline inxalenye. Ecaleni kwe-polyethylene, i-polypropylene yeyesibini-yeyona ixhaphakileyo iplastiki eveliswa kwihlabathi, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu ekupakishweni, iindiza, kunye nezinye iintlobo zempahla yabathengi kunye nemizi-mveliso kunokuba kunjalo kwimveliso yelaphu.

Olu hlobo lweplastiki ekuqaleni lwaphuhliswa yinkampani yaseMelika iPhillips Petroleum ngo-1951. OoSokhemisti uRobert Banks noJ. Ngelixa olu vavanyo lubonwa njengokusilela, kwakhawuleza kwaqatshelwa ukuba le khompawundi intsha inamandla okuba ilingane nepolyethylene kwizicelo ezininzi.

Kwakungekho de kwango-1957, nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-polypropylene yenziwa into efanelekileyo kwimveliso yobuninzi. Ngo-1954, usokhemisti wase-Italiya u-Giulio Natta kunye nogxa wakhe waseJamani baphumelela ukwenza le mveliso ibe yipolymer ye-isotactic, kwaye iqumrhu lase-Italiya i-Montecatini yakhawuleza yaqala ukuvelisa le nto ukuze isetyenziswe kurhwebo kunye nabathengi.

Ipolypropylene ekuqaleni yayithengiswa phantsi kwegama elithi “Moplen,” kwaye eli gama liseluphawu lwentengiso olubhalisiweyo lwequmrhu laseLyondellBasell. Nangona kunjalo, kuxhaphake kakhulu ukufumana le nto ekubhekiselwa kuyo njenge-polypropylene okanye "polypro" ngokufutshane.

Isitulo esinecanopy kunye nesilingi kwilaphu le-polypropylene kwi-hobe grey

Njengoko ukusetyenziswa kwe-polypropylene kuye kwathandwa ngakumbi kwinani labathengi kunye nezicelo zemizi-mveliso, kwafumaniseka ngokuthe ngcembe ukuba olu hlobo lweplastiki lukwabonisa amandla njengempahla. Ilaphu lePolypropylene lilaphu elingaphothiweyo, elithetha ukuba lenziwe ngokuthe ngqo kwisixhobo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokusonta. Inzuzo ephambili yepolypropylene njengelaphu likhono layo lokudlulisa ukufuma; le textile ayikwazi ukufunxa naluphi na ukufuma, kwaye endaweni yoko, ukufuma kudlula ilaphu le-polypropylene ngokupheleleyo.

Olu phawu luvumela ukufuma okukhutshiweyo ngelixa unxibe isambatho se-polypropylene ukuba sibe ngumphunga ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi kunempahla egcina ukufuma. Ke ngoko, eli laphu lithandwa kwiingubo ezinxitywa kufutshane nesikhumba. Nangona kunjalo, i-polypro inomkhwa wokufunxa nokugcina ivumba lomzimba xa isetyenziselwa impahla yangaphantsi, kwaye iyanyibilika kumaqondo aphantsi kakhulu. Ilaphu le-polypro elinyibilikisiweyo linokubangela ukutshisa okukhulu, kwaye lo mbandela wenza ukuba kube nzima ukuhlamba eli laphu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

Ilaphu lePolypropylene lolona lwazi lukhaphukhaphu lukhoyo, kwaye luxhathisa ngokumangalisayo kwiiasidi ezininzi kunye neealkali. Ukongeza, i-thermal conductivity yale nto iphantsi kuneyona micu ye-synthetic, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ifaneleke ngokufanelekileyo ukunxitywa kwemozulu ebandayo.

I-Beige kunye neWhite Basket eLukiweyo yePolypropylene Upholstery Fabric

Ngaphaya koko, eli laphu lixhathisa kakhulu ekurhawuzelweni, kwaye liyaxhathisa izinambuzane kunye nezinye izinambuzane. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo eziphawulekayo ze-thermoplastic, kulula ukubumba iplastiki ye-polypro kwiimo ezahlukeneyo kunye neefom, kwaye inokuguqulwa ngokunyibilika. Le plastiki nayo ayinakuchaphazeleka kakhulu kuxinzelelo lokuqhekeka.

Nangona kunjalo, i-polypro idume ngokuba nzima ukuyidaya emva kokuba yenziwe, kwaye kunzima ukubumba eli laphu libe zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Eli laphu lichaphazeleka kumonakalo we-UV, kwaye alibambeleli kakuhle kwi-latex okanye kwi-epoxies. Njengawo onke amanye amalaphu okwenziwa, ilaphu lepolypropylene linefuthe elibi kakhulu kokusingqongileyo.

Lenziwa Njani Ilaphu lePolypropylene?

Njengoninzi lweentlobo zeplastiki, i-polypro yenziwe kwizinto ezithathwe kumafutha e-hydrocarbon njenge-oyile ye-petroleum. Okokuqala, i-propylene ye-monomer ikhutshwe kwi-oyile ekrwada kwifom yegesi, kwaye le monoma emva koko ixhomekeke kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-polymerization ye-chain-grow ukudala i-polymer polypropylene.

Nje ukuba inani elikhulu lepropylene monomers lidityaniswe kunye, kuye kwenziwa imathiriyeli eyomeleleyo yeplastiki. Ukwenza i-textile enokusebenziseka, i-polypropylene resin kufuneka ixutywe kunye neentlobo ezininzi zeplastiki, i-stabilizers, kunye ne-fillers. Ezi zongezo zingeniswa kwi-polypro etyhidiweyo, kwaye emva kokuba into efunwayo ifunyenwe, le plastiki inokuvunyelwa ukuba iphole ibe zizitena okanye iipelisi.

Ezi pellet okanye izitena zithunyelwa kumzi-mveliso weempahla, kwaye ziyanyibilika. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le polypropylene emva koko yenziwe ngamashiti, okanye inokuvunyelwa ukuba iphole kwizibungu. Ukuba amashiti enziwe, ezi ntsinga zicekethekileyo ziyasikwa zibe kwimilo efunekayo kwaye zithungwe okanye zincanyathiselwe ukwenza iimpahla okanye idiaper. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa ezahlukeneyo zisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-polypropylene kwiimveliso ezingezizo iimpahla.

Isetyenziswa njani ilaphu lePolypropylene?

Ilaphu lePolypro lisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicelo zempahla apho ukuhanjiswa kokufuma kufunwa. Ngokomzekelo, olu hlobo lweplastiki luqhele ukusetyenziswa ukwenza amaphepha aphezulu e-diapers, amacandelo e-diapers adibanisa ngqo nesikhumba. Ngokusebenzisa i-polypropylene kule nxalenye ye-diaper, kuyaqinisekiswa ukuba akukho mswakama uya kuhlala unxibelelana nesikhumba somntwana, okunciphisa amathuba okwenza i-rashes.

Eli laphu lingalukwanga liyakwazi ukufudumeza ukufuma kwenze ukuba libe lilaphu elidumileyo lezixhobo zemozulu ebandayo. Ngokomzekelo, le nto yokwenziwa yayisetyenziselwa ukwenza iimpahla zangaphantsi kunye neehempe zangaphantsi ezazisetyenziswa kwisizukulwana sokuqala se-US Army's Extended Weather Clothing System (ECWCS). Kwafunyaniswa ukuba izambatho ezenziwe kule laphu ziphucule induduzo yamajoni kwiimeko ezibandayo zemozulu, kodwa iingxaki ngeempahla ze-polypro ziye zabangela ukuba umkhosi wase-United States utshintshele kwisizukulwana samva nje seempahla ze-polyester ze-Generation II kunye ne-Generation III ECWCS iinkqubo.

Kwezinye iimeko, ilaphu le-polypropylene linokusetyenziswa ukwenza iimpahla zemidlalo, kodwa imiba emininzi ngolu hlobo lweplastiki yenze iinguqulelo ezintsha zepolyester zithandwa ngakumbi kwesi sicelo. Ngelixa iipropathi zokuhambisa ukufuma kwelaphu zinqweneleka kakhulu kwimpahla yezemidlalo, ukungakwazi ukuhlamba eli laphu ngamanzi ashushu kwenza kube nzima ukususa ivumba kwimpahla yezemidlalo ye-polypropylene. Ukongeza, ukuchaphazeleka kwelaphu kumonakalo we-UV kwenza kube lukhetho olubi kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwempahla yangaphandle.

Ngaphaya kwempahla yehlabathi, iplastiki ye-polypropylene isetyenziswa kumawaka ezicelo ezahlukeneyo. Olunye lolona setyenziso ludumileyo lwale nto kukusela iindiza; ngelixa iindiza zazenziwe ekuqaleni kwiphepha, i-polypropylene ngoku yeyona nto ikhethwayo kwesi sicelo. Le plastiki ikwasetyenziselwa ukwenza iintambo, iilebhile zokutya, ukupakishwa kokutya, iindondo zelanga, kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zeengxowa.

Iveliswa phi ilaphu lePolypropylene?

I-China ngoku lelona lizwe lithumela ngaphandle iimveliso zepolypropylene. Ngo-2016, iifektri kweli lizwe zivelise umthamo weeplastiki ze-polypro ezixabisa i-5.9 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba lo mzila uya kuhlala uzinzile kwikamva elibonakalayo.

Uninzi lwale mveliso lwenziwa eJamani; eli lizwe livelise malunga ne-2.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ze-polypropylene ngo-2016, kwaye i-Itali, iFransi, iMexico, neBelgium nazo zingabavelisi ababalulekileyo bale nto. Kwi-2016, iUnited States ivelise i-$ 1.1 yezigidigidi kwiimveliso ze-polypro.

Oyena mdlali mkhulu kwishishini lemveliso yepolypropylene yamazwe ngamazwe yiLyondellBasell. Le nkampani ibandakanywe eNetherlands, kwaye ineziseko zokusebenza eHouston naseLondon.

Iqela eliphume phambili kolu shishino yiSinopec Group, eseBeijing, kunye nePetroChina Group, ekwaseBeijing. Abavelisi abaphezulu abali-10 beli candelo benza ama-55 epesenti yetotali yemveliso yepolypropylene kwihlabathi jikelele.

I-Polypropylene icutshungulwa ibe ngamalaphu kwihlabathi liphela. Oyena mvelisi mkhulu wamalaphu e-polypro agqityiweyo yi-China, kwaye olu hlobo lwelaphu lukwathungelwa kwiimpahla kunye nolunye uhlobo lwamalaphu e-Indiya, ePakistan, e-Indonesia nakwamanye amazwe amaninzi.

Ixabisa malini Ilaphu lePolypropylene?

Ilaphu lelaphu lePolypropylene lifakwa ngaphakathi kwebhedi yomsedare ephakanyisiweyo

Ekubeni i-polypro yenye yezona ntlobo zeplastiki eziveliswa kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ayibizi kakhulu ngobuninzi. Inani elikhulu lemizi-mveliso emikhulu eyahlukeneyo ekhuphisanayo ukuze ibambe imakethi yeplastiki yehlabathi, kwaye olu khuphiswano luqhuba amaxabiso aphantsi.

Nangona kunjalo, ilaphu lepolypropylene linokuba nexabiso eliphantsi. Esona sizathu sokunyuka kwexabiso kukungabikho kwemfuno; ngelixa ilaphu le-polypropylene lalisetyenziselwa ukwenza iingubo zangaphantsi ezishushu ngokuphindaphindiweyo, inkqubela phambili yakutshanje ekuvelisweni kwe-polyester yenze ukuba olu hlobo lwelaphu luphelelwe lixesha. Ke ngoko, olu hlobo lwelaphu luxabisa ngaphezulu kubavelisi belaphu kunamalaphu okwenziwa afanayo, afana ne-polyester, kwaye oku kunyuka kweendleko kugqithiselwa kumthengi wokugqibela.

Kubalulekile ukucacisa, nangona kunjalo, ukuba le ndleko yonyukayo isebenza kuphela kwilaphu le-polypropylene elenzelwe ukuba lenziwe kwimpahla. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zelaphu elinepolypropylene ezingalungelanga impahla zithengiswa ngamaxabiso aphantsi, kwaye azibizi kakhulu. La malaphu avela ngemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthungwa.

Zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zelaphu lePolypropylene ezikhoyo?

Iindidi zezongezo ezahlukeneyo zinokudityaniswa kwi-polypro ngelixa ikwimeko yolwelo ukuguqula iimpawu zesi sixhobo. Ukongeza, kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zeplastiki:

• I-Homopolymer polypropylene: Iplastiki yePolypro ithathwa njengehomopolymer xa ikwimo yayo yokuqala ingenazo naziphi na izongezo. Olu hlobo lweplastiki ye-polypro alubonwa ngokubanzi njengento efanelekileyo kwilaphu.

• Iipolymer polypropylene: Uninzi lweentlobo zamalaphu epholypropylene ziyi-copolymer. Olu hlobo lweplastiki ye-polypro luphinda lwahlulahlulwe kwibhloko ye-polymer polypropylene kunye ne-random copolymer polypropylene. Iiyunithi ze-co-monomer kwifom yebhloko yale plastiki ihlelwe kwiipatheni eziqhelekileyo zesikwere, kodwa iiyunithi ze-co-monomer kwifom ehleliweyo zicwangciswe kwiipatheni ezingaqhelekanga. Ibhloko okanye i-polypropylene engakhethiyo ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwelaphu, kodwa iplastiki yebhloko ye-polypro isetyenziswa kakhulu.