Dragon Boat Festival

IDragon Boat Festival(IsiTshayina esenziwe lula: 端午节;Chinese zemveli: 端午節) yiholide yesiNtu yaseTshayina eyenzeka ngomhla wesihlanu kwinyanga yesihlanuIkhalenda yamaTshayina, ehambelana ekupheleni kukaMeyi okanye ngoJuni kwiIkhalenda kaGregory.

Igama lesiNgesi leholide yiDragon Boat Festival, esetyenziswa njengenguqulelo esemthethweni yesiNgesi yeholide yiPeople's Republic of China. Ikwabhekiswa kuyo kweminye imithombo yesiNgesi njengeUmnyhadala oMbini wesihlanuelibhekisa kumhla njengakwigama lokuqala lesiTshayina.

Amagama aseTshayina ngokwengingqi

Duanwu(IsiTshayina: 端午;ipinyin:duānwǔ), njengoko ubizwa njalo umthendelekoIsiTshayina saseMandarin, ngokoqobo lithetha “ihashe lokuqala/elivulayo”, okt, “usuku lwehashe” lokuqala (ngokoI-zodiac yaseTshayina/Ikhalenda yamaTshayinainkqubo) ukuba yenzeke enyangeni; nangona kunjalo, nangona intsingiselo yokoqobowǔ, "umhla wehashe kumjikelo wesilwanyana", lo mlinganiswa uphinde waguqulelwa ngokuthiwǔ(IsiTshayina: 五;ipinyin:wǔ) elithetha “ezintlanu”. KungokoDuanwu, "umthendeleko ngosuku lwesihlanu lwenyanga yesihlanu".

Igama lesiTshayina lesiMandarin lomthendeleko ngu "端午節" (IsiTshayina esenziwe lula: 端午节;Chinese zemveli: 端午節;ipinyin:Duānwǔjié;Wade-Giles:Tuan Wu chieh) kwieTshayinakwayeeTaiwan, kunye ne "Tuen Ng Festival" yaseHong Kong, eMacao, eMalaysia naseSingapore.

Libizwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyoIilwimi zesiTshayina. KwiIsiCantonese, yiyamaRomanynjengokoTuen¹Ng⁵Jit³eHong Kong kwayeTung¹Ng⁵Jit³eMacau. Ke ngoko "umnyhadala weTuen Ng" eHong KongTun Ng(I-Festividade do Barco-DragãongesiPhuthukezi) eMacao.

Imvelaphi

Inyanga yesihlanu yenyanga ithathwa njengenyanga eneshwa. Abantu babekholelwa ukuba iintlekele zendalo kunye nezifo ziqhelekileyo kwinyanga yesihlanu. Ukuphelisa eli shwangusha, abantu babebeka icalamus, iArtemisia, iintyatyambo zerharnati, i-ixora yamaTshayina kunye negalikhi ngaphezu kweengcango ngomhla wesihlanu kwinyanga yesihlanu.^{[ucaphulo olufunekayo]}Ekubeni imilo ye-calamus ifana nekrele kunye nevumba elibukhali legalikhi, kukholelwa ukuba banokususa imimoya engendawo.

Enye ingcaciso ngemvelaphi yoMnyhadala weSikhephe seDragon ivela ngaphambi koLawulo lweQin (221–206 BC). Inyanga yesihlanu kwikhalenda yenyanga yayigqalwa njengenyanga embi yaye usuku lwesihlanu lwenyanga yayilusuku olubi. Izilwanyana ezinobuhlungu kwakusithiwa zivele ukususela kusuku lwesihlanu lwenyanga yesihlanu, njengeenyoka, i<em>centipedes, noonomadudwane; abantu nabo bagula ngokulula emva kolu suku. Ke ngoko, ngexesha leDragon Boat Festival, abantu bazama ukunqanda eli lishwa libi. Ngokomzekelo, abantu banokuncamathisela imifanekiso yezidalwa ezihlanu ezinetyhefu eludongeni baze bafake iinaliti kuyo. Abantu basenokwenza amaphepha okusika ezi zidalwa zintlanu baze bazisongele ezihlahleni zabantwana babo.Imisitho emikhulu kunye nemidlalo eyenziwa kwezi zenzo kwiindawo ezininzi, nto leyo eyenza uMnyhadala weSikhephe esineDragon ube lusuku lokususa izifo namashwa.

Qu Yuan

Ibali elaziwa kakhulu kwiChina yanamhlanje libambe ukuba umthendeleko ukhumbula ukufa kwembongi kunye nomphathiswaQu Yuan(c. 340–278 BC) kweilizwe lamanduloyeChungexesha leIxesha lamazwe alwayoyeUbukhosi bukaZhou. Ilungu le-cadet leChu indlu yasebukhosini, Qu wakhonza kwiiofisi eziphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, xa umlawuli wagqiba ekubeni adibanise nemo ekhulayo enamandlaQin, uQu wagxothwa ngenxa yokuchasa umanyano kwaye watyholwa ngobungcatshi. Ngexesha lokugxothwa kwakhe, uQu Yuan wabhala okuninziimibongo. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesibhozo kamva, uQin wabanjwaYing, ikomkhulu laseChu. Ephelelwe lithemba, uQu Yuan wazibulala ngokuzintywilisela emanziniMiluo River.

Kuthiwa abantu basekuhlaleni, ababemncoma, babaleka ngamaphenyane abo ukuze bamsindise, okanye ubuncinane bakhuphe umzimba wakhe. Le nto kuthiwa yayiyimvelaphi yeimidyarho yesikhephe sedragoni. Xa umzimba wakhe ungafunyanwanga, bawisa iibhola zeirayisi encangathiemlanjeni ukuze iintlanzi uzidle endaweni yomzimba Qu Yuan. Oku kuthiwa yimvelaphi yezongzi.

Ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, uQu Yuan waqala ukuphathwa ngendlela yobuzwe “njengembongi yokuqala ethanda ilizwe laseTshayina”. Imbono ye-Qu's socialismism kunye nokuthanda izwe okungaguqukiyo kwaba yi-canonical phantsi kwePeople's Republic of China emva ko-1949.Uloyiso lwamaKomanisi kwiMfazwe Yamakhaya yaseTshayina.

Wu Zixu

Ngaphandle kokuthandwa kwanamhlanje kwethiyori yemvelaphi ye-Qu Yuan, kwindawo yangaphambili yeUBukumkani bukaWu, kwakusenziwa isikhumbuzo somthendelekoWu Zixu(wafa 484 BC), iNkulumbuso Wu.Xi Shi, inzwakazi ethunyelwe nguKumkaniIsiGoujianyeilizwe Yue, wayethandwa kakhulu nguKumkaniFuchaiwe Wu. UWu Zixu, ebona iyelenqe eliyingozi likaGoujian, walumkisa uFuchai, owaba nomsindo ngala mazwi. UWu Zixu wanyanzelwa ukuba azibulale nguFuchai, umzimba wakhe waphoswa emlanjeni ngomhla wesihlanu kwinyanga yesihlanu. Emva kokufa kwakhe, kwiindawo ezifanaSuzhou, uWu Zixu ukhunjulwa ngexesha loMnyhadala weSikhephe seDragon.

Ezintathu zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo ezenziwa ngexesha loMnyhadala weSikhephe seDragon ziyatya (kwaye zilungiselela)zongzi, ukuselaiwayini realgar, kunye nomdyarhoiinqanawa zedragoni.

Dragon boat racing

Umdyarho wesikhephe esinedragoni unembali etyebileyo yezithethe zamandulo kunye nezithethe, ezaqala kumbindi weTshayina ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-2500 eyadlulayo. Ibali liqala ngebali likaQu Yuan, owayengumphathiswa komnye woorhulumente baseWaring State, uChu. Wanyeliswa ngamagosa karhulumente anomona waza wagxothwa ngukumkani. Ngenxa yokuphoxeka kukumkani wakwaChu, wazintywilisela kuMlambo iMiluo. Abantu abaqhelekileyo bagxalathelana ukuya emanzini baza bazama ukuwukhupha umzimba wakhe. Kwisikhumbuzo sikaQu Yuan, abantu babamba imidyarho yezikhephe zedragoni minyaka le ngosuku lokufa kwakhe ngokwentsomi. Bakwasasaza irayisi emanzini ukondla intlanzi, ukuthintela ukuba bangatyi umzimba kaQu Yuan, ongomnye wemvelaphizongzi.

Zongzi (idombolo lerayisi laseTshayina)

Inxalenye ephawulekayo yokubhiyozela i-Dragon Boat Festival yenza kwaye utye izongzi kunye namalungu osapho kunye nabahlobo. Abantu ngokwesiko basonga i-zongzi ngamagqabi engcongolo, uqalo, ukwenza imilo yephiramidi. Amagqabi nawo anika ivumba elimnandi kunye nencasa kwirayisi encangathi kunye nokuzaliswa. Ukhetho lokuzaliswa luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimimandla. Imimandla esemantla e-China ikhetha i-zongzi eswiti okanye i-dessert-styled, enentlama yeembotyi, ijujube, kunye namandongomane njengokuzaliswa. Imimandla esemazantsi e-China ikhetha i-zongzi emnandi, eneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuzaliswa kubandakanya isisu sehagu esisemanzini, isoseji, kunye namaqanda edada anetyuwa.

UZongzi wavela phambi kweXesha laseNtwasahlobo nelaseNkwindla kwaye ekuqaleni wayesetyenziselwa ukunqula izinyanya noothixo; kwi-Jin Dynasty, iZongzi yaba kukutya komthendeleko kwi-Dragon Boat Festival. I-Jin Dynasty, amadombolo aye atyunjwa ngokusemthethweni njengokutya kwe-Dragon Boat Festival. Ngeli xesha, ngaphezu kwerayisi ene-glutinous, izinto eziluhlaza zokwenza i-zongzi nazo zongezwa ngamayeza aseTshayina i-Yizhiren. Izongzi ephekiweyo ibizwa ngokuba yi "yizhi zong".

Isizathu sokuba amaTshayina atye i-zongzi ngolu suku olukhethekileyo luneengxelo ezininzi. Inguqulelo yesintu kukubamba umsitho wesikhumbuzo sikaQuyuan. Ngelixa uZongzi uthathwa njengomnikelo kwizinyanya nangaphambi kwexesha likaChunqiu. Ukususela kwi-Jin dynasty, uZongzi waba ngumthendeleko wokutya kunye nexesha elide kude kube ngoku.

Iintsuku zesikhephe seDragon ukusuka ngomhla wesi-3 ukuya kowe-5 kaJuni ka-2022.HUAXIN CARBIDE inqwenela ukuba wonke umntu abe neeholide ezimnandi!