Izixhobo zokusika i-carbide enesamente, ngakumbi izixhobo ze-carbide ezinophawu, zezona mveliso ziphambili kwizixhobo zomatshini ze-CNC. Ukusukela ngeminyaka yee-1980s, iintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo ze-carbide eziqinileyo kunye nezalathiso ezifakwe kwi-carbide okanye ukufakwa kuye kwandiswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokusika izixhobo. Phakathi kwezi, izixhobo ze-carbide ezine-indexable cemented cemented ziye zavela kwizixhobo ezilula zokuguqula kunye nabasiki be-face milling ukubandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo ezichanekileyo, eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye zokwenza.
(1) Iindidi zeZixhobo ze-Cemented Carbide
Ngokusekelwe kwimichiza yabo ephambili, i-carbides ene-cemented ingahlelwa kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili: i-tungsten carbide-based cemented carbides kunye ne-titanium carbonitride (TiC (N))-based cemented carbide.
I-tungsten carbide-based cemented carbides ibandakanya iintlobo ezintathu:
I-Tungsten-cobalt (YG)
I-Tungsten-cobalt-titanium (YT)
Abo banecarbides ezongeziweyo ezinqabileyo (YW)
Uhlobo ngalunye luneenzuzo kunye nokungonakali. Amacandelo aphambili yi-tungsten carbide (WC), i-titanium carbide (i-TiC), i-tantalum carbide (i-TaC), i-niobium carbide (i-NbC), kunye nezinye, kunye ne-cobalt (Co) eyona nto isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo i-metal binder.
I-Titanium carbonitride-based cemented carbides yenziwe ngokukodwa nge-TiC, kunye neentlobo ezithile ezibandakanya i-carbides eyongezelelweyo okanye i-nitrides. Izibophelelo zentsimbi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yimolybdenum (Mo) kunye nenickel (Ni).
I-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) ihlela i-carbides enesamente esetyenziselwa ukusika kwiindidi ezintathu:
Iklasi ye-K (K10 ukuya kwi-K40): Ilingana neklasi ye-YG yaseTshayina (ingakumbi i-WC-Co).
Iklasi ye-P (P01 ukuya kwi-P50): Ilingana neklasi ye-YT yaseTshayina (ingakumbi i-WC-TiC-Co).
Iklasi ye-M (M10 ukuya ku-M40): Ilingana neklasi ye-YW yaseTshayina (ingakumbi i-WC-TiC-TaC(NbC)-Co).
Ibakala ngalinye lichazwa ngamanani aqala ku-01 ukuya ku-50, amele i-spectrum yealloyi ukusuka kubulukhuni obuphezulu ukuya kobukhulu obukhulu.
(2) Iimpawu zokuSebenza kweZixhobo ze-Cemented Carbide
① Ukuqina okuphezulu
Izixhobo ze-carbide ezifakwe ngesamente ziveliswa nge-metallurgy yomgubo, ukudibanisa i-carbides enobunzima obuphezulu kunye neendawo zokunyibilika (ezibizwa ngokuba yinqanaba elinzima) kunye nezibophelelo zetsimbi (ezibizwa ngokuba yisigaba sokudibanisa). Ubunzima babo busuka kwi-89 ukuya kwi-93 HRA, bugqithise kakhulu kwintsimbi yesantya esiphezulu. Kwi-540 ° C, ubunzima babo buhlala buphakathi kwe-82 kunye ne-87 ye-HRA, xa kuthelekiswa nobunzima begumbi lobushushu bensimbi ephezulu (83-86 HRA). Ubunzima be-carbide ene-cemented buyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kohlobo, ubuninzi, kunye nobukhulu beenkozo ze-carbides, kunye nomxholo wesigaba sokudibanisa isinyithi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubulukhuni buyancipha njengoko umxholo wesigaba sentsimbi unyuka. Ngomxholo wesigaba sokudibanisa okufanayo, ii-alloys ze-YT zibonisa ubulukhuni obuphezulu kune-YG alloys, kunye ne-alloys ene-TaC eyongezelelweyo okanye i-NbC inikezela ngobulukhuni obuphezulu bobushushu.
② Ukugoba Amandla kunye nokuqina
Amandla okugoba asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo i-carbides ene-cemented ukusuka kwi-900 ukuya kwi-1500 MPa. Isiqulatho sesigaba sokudibanisa isinyithi esiphakamileyo sikhokelela kumandla amakhulu okugoba. Xa umxholo we-binder uhambelana, i-alloys ye-YG (WC-Co) ibonisa amandla aphezulu kune-YT (WC-TiC-Co) alloys, kunye namandla ayancipha njengoko umxholo we-TiC usanda. I-carbide ene-cemented yi-brittle material, kwaye impembelelo yayo yokuqina kwiqondo lokushisa kwegumbi yi-1/30 kuphela kwi-1/8 yentsimbi yesantya esiphezulu.
(3) Izicelo zeZixhobo zeCarbide eziQhelekileyo zeCemented
I-YG Alloys:Ngokuyintloko isetyenziselwa ukwenza intsimbi etyhidiweyo, isinyithi esingeyontsimbi, kunye nezinto ezingezizo ezentsimbi. I-carbides ene-cemented cemented fine-grained (umzekelo, i-YG3X, i-YG6X) inika ubunzima obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kuneenguqu eziphakathi kunye nomxholo we-cobalt ofanayo. Ezi zilungele ukucubungula izinto ezikhethekileyo ezifana nentsimbi eqinile, i-austenitic stainless steel, i-alloys ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu, i-titanium alloys, i-bronze eqinile, kunye nezixhobo zokugquma ezingagungqiyo.
I-YT Alloys:Iphawuleka ngobulukhuni bayo obuphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu obugqwesileyo, kunye nobunzima obuphezulu kunye namandla acinezelayo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-YG alloys, kunye nokuxhathisa okulungileyo kwe-oxidation. Xa izixhobo zifuna ukushisa okuphezulu kunye nokunganyangeki, amabakala anomxholo ophezulu we-TiC ayacetyiswa. I-alloys ye-YT ilungele ukwenza izinto zeplastiki ezifana nentsimbi kodwa ayifanelekanga kwi-alloys ye-titanium okanye i-silicon-aluminium alloys.
I-YW Alloys:Dibanisa iipropathi ze-YG kunye ne-YT alloys, enika umsebenzi ogqwesileyo jikelele. Zinezinto ezininzi kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukwenza intsimbi, intsimbi etyhidiweyo, kunye neentsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous. Ngokunyusa ngokufanelekileyo umxholo we-cobalt, ii-alloys ze-YW zinokufikelela kumandla aphezulu, zizenze zilungele umatshini omdaka kunye nokuphazamiseka kokusikwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinzima kumatshini.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-29-2025
